Phases of Multiple Myeloma

MGUS (Monoclonal Gammopathy of Unknown Significance)

Excess monoclonal (M) protein (Proteins are large, complex molecules that act as the building blocks in our bodies), but no symptoms or damage to the body. May progress to active multiple myeloma or other plasma disease.

Smoldering Myeloma

Higher M protein than MGUS, no symptoms, but may require treatment based on risk scoring.

Multiple Myeloma ("Active Myeloma")

Blood cancer in the bone marrow.

  • Abnormal plasma cells, called rnyeloma cells, typically used toprotect the body, transform into cancer cells.

  • Myeloma cells produce M proteins.

  • M protein (monoclonal protein)-abnormal protein caused by plasma cells.

  • Light chains/Bence Jones proteins -incomplete parts of antibodies found in the urine.

  • Plasmacytoma-mass of myeloma cells that can occur in the bone, skin, muscle or lungs.

  • Needs immediate treatment.